For example one prefers continuous processing over batch processing or choose open system processing over closed system processing.Why Because this is one easy method today to increase productivity and energy efficiency Why save energy.The term industrial-productivity, encompasses not only the chemical kinetic rate but also aspects of the long-term product life-cycle and other important economic factors that define the reactant and other supply processes (see also innovation constants ).
Below, we focus mainly on the the technical variables that influence this productivity (sometimes also referred to as activity in the productivity literature). The four bullets below show that the productivity can be mainly enhanced by an increase in the Temperature (T), only somewhat by Pressure (P) and sometimes with the use of a good Catalyst. The direction of any reaction is influenced by the Equilibrium Constant, K (defined below). K is is a thermodynamic property thus implying some strict boundaries for the possibilities to influence this number without changing other variables like temperature. For chemical reactions the productivity can be considerably influenced by changes in the imposed process conditions. ![]() Process variables are initial temperature, pressure, concentration of reactants and other pertinent conditions like the quality of insulation, feed back control-ability, good sensors and like. Overall the productivity of a Commercial Chemical Process is defined as the amount of product made by an industrial chemical reaction plant (units of tonsyear). Improvements in productivity are achieved through improved operation-research optimization methods, good internal business practices and best technical conditions that keep up with the latest technical improvements in thermal and materials availability. Better productivity generally leads to better energy efficiency. Productivity and production-amount activity are interchangeable terminologies. The symbols R and E below represent the Universal Gas Constant and a generic activation barrier respectively. R8.314 Jmol.K ( 0.0831 bar dm 3 mol -1 K -1 ). The commonly employed unit for E, is kJmol for chemical reactions. The Temperature impacts the Reaction Rate, Energy Efficiency, Heat-Transfer Rate and the Equilibrium Constant. The temperature ( T) speeds up a conversion exponentially, because the productivity is proportional to (T. E RT). The power law exponent, is a constant approximately equal to 1 but could be as high as 4 for high-temperature processing, particularly when transferring heat quickly with e-ions or very high temperature steam. The Cascade e-Ion plasma is one of the fastest methods of enhancing power in the heat transfer mode. The Pressure only somewhat increases the Reaction Rate, only influencing the rate in a manner similar to a reactant concentration-change. Pressure has a very small or no influence on the Equilibrium Constant, discussed further below. ![]() There is almost no impact of pressure when no gasses are involved in the reaction unless one is in the very high 10-1000 Bar range of operational pressures. Increasing the throughput with improved time-management processes.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
Details
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |